In daily life, we often hear the terms of disinfection and sterilization, and the two words are often mixed use. But in fact, they are of totally different meanings and are completely different concept.
Sterilization:
It refers to killing all microorganisms, including pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms and spores, by physical or chemical methods to reach the level of sterility guarantee. Articles that are not contaminated after sterilization are called sterile articles. The uncontaminated area after sterilization is called sterile area.
Note that sterilization is for all microorganisms, not only bacteria, but also spores, viruses, fungi, mycoplasma, chlamydia and so on.
The result after sterilization is called sterility, which means that there is no microorganism at all. However, due to the limitations of current inspection methods, the concept of absolute sterility cannot be applied to the sterility evaluation of the whole batch of products. Therefore, the concept of "sterility" currently used is "sterility" in the sense of probability. That is, after final sterilization, the sterility assurance level of sterile products is that the probability of residual microbial contamination is ≤ 10-6.
Commonly used sterilization methods include physical, chemical, radiation and other methods.
The physical means include burning sterilization, dry hot air sterilization, pressurized steam sterilization and other methods.
Chemical means to kill microorganisms by directly acting on them with chemical reagents.
Radiation is emitted by radioisotopes γ The method of killing microorganisms and spores by radiation.
Disinfection:
Disinfection is to use mild physical and chemical factors to only kill most pathogenic microorganisms and make them harmless. Disinfection is generally ineffective for microbial spores. Disinfection does not need to kill all microorganisms in the system. As long as the predetermined requirements are met, it is generally necessary to remove or inactivate pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms in the system. Sterilization can include sterilization, but sterilization cannot replace sterilization.
Disinfection can be divided into high degree disinfection, medium degree disinfection and low degree disinfection.
(1) Efficient disinfection method: it can kill all pathogenic microorganisms, including ultraviolet disinfection, ozone disinfection, chlorine disinfectants, etc., such as ultraviolet disinfection and ozone disinfection of the workshop air; Chlorine gas disinfection water source, sodium hypochlorite disinfection immersion work clothes, etc.
(2) Medium-effect disinfection method: it can kill pathogenic microorganisms except spores, including thermal disinfection method, alcohols, phenols, ultrasound, etc., such as skin disinfection with 75% alcohol, boiling at 70-75 ℃ for 30 minutes or 80 ℃ for 15 minutes, boiling at 100 ℃ for 5-6 minutes, etc.
(3) Low-efficiency disinfection method: it can kill bacterial propagules and lipophilic viruses, including single-chain quaternary ammonium salt, biguanidine, etc.
BKMAM are professional supplier with EO gas Sterilization Machine, and most laboratory consumables will go though sterilization process before they are sending out to our customers. All plastic pipette tips, centrifuge tubes, Cryogenic vials plastic sampling bag, plastic urine containers, PCR tubes, plastic petri dish, plastic cell culture plate, ELISA plate, pasteur pipette, Inoculation loops, cell spreaders are strile and ready for convenient use.
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