Here are some common mediums in the experiments
1. Nutritional agar culture medium
Nutritional agar culture medium is used to reproduce and cultivate ordinary bacteria for total bacteria measurement, storage of bacteria and pure culture. The main ingredients are: beef immersion, yeast extraction, protein, sodium chloride, agar powder, distilled water. Protein and beef powder provides nitrogen, vitamins, amino acids, and carbon sources. Sodium chloride can maintain a balanced osmotic pressure. For agar is a medium of the medium.
Nutritional agar is the most basic type of medium, which contains the nutrients required for most microorganisms to grow. Nutritional agar can be used during conventional bacterial culture.
2. Blood agar culture medium
Blood agar culture medium is a beef paste protein cashmere medium containing dehydrated animal blood (generally rabbit blood or sheep blood). Therefore, in addition to cultivating various nutrients required for bacteria, it can also provide coenzymes (such as V factor), such as V factor). Special growth factors such as heme (X factor). Therefore, blood medium is often used to cultivate, separate and preserve certain pathogenic microorganisms that require harsh nutrition.
In addition, blood agar is usually used for hemolysis test. In the process of growth, some bacteria can produce hemolytin, which can break the red blood cells and dissolve. When growing on the plate tablet, a transparent or translucent hemolytic ring can be observed around the colonies. The pathogenicity of many bacteria is related to the hemolytic characteristics. Due to the different hemolytin produced by different bacteria, the hemolytic ability is different, and the hemolytic phenomenon on platelets is different. Therefore, the hemolytic test is often used to identify bacteria.
3. TCBS medium
TCBS is sulfur sulfate citrate citric acid salt salt salt salt sucrose agarmerine. For the selective separation of pathogenic bacteria. Protein pupae, yeast molicment in the medium as the basic nutrients to provide various growth factors such as nitrogen, carbon sources, and vitamins required for bacterial growth; higher concentration of sodium chloride to meet the need for salt growth in the salt of the pyramid; sucrose; sucrose; sucrose As a fermented carbon source; the existence of sodium citrate, high pH alkaline environment and sodium sulfate inhibit the growth of intestinal bacteria, and sodium gallbladder powder and sodium beef gallate mainly inhibit the growth of Gram -positive bacteria.
In addition, sodium sulfate also provides sulfur sour sulfur. Under the conditions of citrate iron, bacterial hydrogen sulfide can be detected. If there is bacteria produced by hydrogen sulfide, black precipitation will be generated on the tablet. Tuliphenol blue and thymphenol blue. These two compounds are pH indicator. Crobenol blue is a pH indicator, and the pH color change range is 3.8 (yellow) ~ 5.4 (blue -green). There are two kinds of discoloration range: (1) The acid range is pH1.2 ～ 2.8, and red from yellow; (2) the range of alkali is 8.0 to 9.6, from yellow to blue.
4. TSA pancreatic soybean agar culture medium
The TSA ingredients are roughly similar to nutritional agar. In the national standard, it is usually used to test the test of the cleaning room (district) of the pharmaceutical industry. Select the test point in the area to be tested, open the TSA tablet, and arrange it at the test point. Exposure in the air for more than 30 minutes and do not wait for the sampling, and then cultivate colonies. Different cleanliness levels require different colonies.
5.Mueller-Hinton agar
M-H medium is a microbial medium that is used to detect microorganisms to antibiotic resistance. It is a selective medium, and most of the microorganisms can grow on it. In addition, the starch in the ingredients can absorb the toxins released by bacteria, so it will not affect the results of antibiotic operations. The ingredients of the M-H culture group are more loose, which is conducive to the diffusion of antibiotics, so that it can show obvious growth inhibitory bands.
In China's health industry, M-H medium is also used for medicinal testing. When conducting some special bacteria for medicinal testing, such as pneumoniac bacteria, 5%of sheep blood and NAD may be added to the medium to meet different nutritional needs.
6.SS agar
SS agar is usually used as Salmonella, selective separation culture of Takagacia. Inhibit the Gram -positive bacteria and most of the colonic flora and Transforima, but do not affect the growth of Salmonella; sodium sulfate and iron citrates are used to detect the production of hydrogen sulfide, making the center of the colonies black; neutral red; neutral red; neutral red; neutral red; neutral red; neutral red; neutral red; For the pH indicator, the colonies of fermented sugar are red, and the colonies of non -fermented sugar are colorless. The Salmonella is a colorless transparent colonies or black centers, and Toroshishae is colorless and transparent colonies.
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